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A white riot in Wilmington, North Carolina, in November 1898 killed 11 Blacks and wounded 25. Similar sentiments were expressed by the militant African American journalist T. Thomas Fortune. An infuriated Fortune told a Washington, D.C., meeting he wished that “for the 30 colored men who were murdered in Wilmington 30 white assassins would fill their graves.” Cleveland Gazette, Dec. 24, 1898, p. 1.